South Pittsburg Foundries

Last updated: May 28, 2026

South Pittsburg is the Marion County community that the 19th- and 20th-century iron industry actually built. The town was founded in 1876 as a British-capital industrial settlement with the specific purpose of hosting integrated iron smelting, coke, and metal trades; the integrated vision did not survive the 19th century, but the cluster of foundries and metal-manufacturing operations that grew up in its wake did. Lodge Manufacturing, founded in 1896, is the enterprise from that cluster that survived into the 21st century and is covered separately on the Lodge Cast Iron page. This page covers the broader metal-trades history of South Pittsburg: the 1876 founding, the pre-Lodge foundries, the H. Wetter Manufacturing stove works, the 1910 Blacklock fire and rebuild, the supporting Richard City cement complex to the south, and the small metal-trades operations that ran alongside Lodge through the 20th century.

The 1876 British-capital founding

South Pittsburg was founded in 1876 by the South Pittsburg City Company, an investment vehicle capitalized by British and American industrialists who believed the Sequatchie Valley coal, iron ore, and limestone deposits, the Tennessee River transport route, and the forthcoming NC&StL Jasper Branch line could support an integrated iron-making center on the model of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The name of the town was a direct reference to that ambition. The founding followed the 1854 opening of the Battle Creek Mines near the mouth of Battle Creek and predated the James Bowron 1877 reorganization that put the coal-coke-iron complex at Whitwell, Victoria, and Inman into real motion (see coal and coke).

The initial South Pittsburg iron operation, the South Pittsburg Iron Company, built blast furnaces and a rolling mill on the north bank of the Tennessee River in the late 1870s and 1880s. The furnaces consumed Whitwell coal and Victoria coke, smelted Inman ore, and rolled finished iron products for regional and national markets. The integrated model worked for roughly two decades before the rise of the Birmingham, Alabama iron industry with better ore bodies, larger capital, and more favorable railroad economics pulled the Southern iron trade south. The South Pittsburg furnaces and rolling mill were outcompeted, and by the first decade of the 20th century the iron operation had contracted sharply.

See the South Pittsburg community page for the broader civic history of the town, including its incorporation, its founding demographics, and the 1876-to-present streetscape.

H. Wetter Manufacturing

The H. Wetter Manufacturing Company took over the South Pittsburg stove works in 1902. Wetter, a Memphis-based competitor, lost its primary Memphis factory to fire in January 1902 and, rather than rebuild on the Memphis site, bought the South Pittsburg foundry, which had operated as the Perry Stove Company branch from 1886 forward. From 1902 until 1929, the Cedar Avenue plant ran under the H. Wetter Manufacturing name. The plant produced cast-iron stoves and associated cookware for the Southern household market, a business line that overlapped with and competed with Lodge's early cookware production after 1896. By the 1920s Wetter was the largest employer in South Pittsburg. The shop was heavily unionized; Local 165 of the International Molders Union of North America at South Pittsburg was one of the largest and oldest locals of the union in the South.

Wetter is preserved in the public record chiefly through the 1927 Christmas Night Shootout, the climax of an eight-year labor dispute at the plant in which the Molders locals fought to preserve the union shop and Wetter's anti-union management pressed for the open shop. On Christmas night, December 25, 1927, six law-enforcement officers were killed in a gun battle at Cedar Avenue and Third Street: Marion County Sheriff Wash Coppinger, his deputy, the South Pittsburg chief of police, two city policemen, and a Wetter plant guard. Governor Henry H. Horton dispatched the Tennessee National Guard to South Pittsburg the next morning. See the dedicated 1927 Christmas Night Shootout page for the full account, and the labor history page for the broader Marion County labor record.

H. Wetter Manufacturing did not survive the labor crisis. In 1929, two years after the shootout, the company was forced to close the South Pittsburg plant. In 1930, a group of local businessmen led by S. L. Rogers reorganized the operation and reopened it as the United States Stove Company, a name the foundry has carried ever since. The original Cedar Avenue plant operated as U.S. Stove until production ceased there in 1977; the Cedar Avenue building was razed in spring 2003. United States Stove continues to manufacture residential wood and pellet stoves at a successor plant on Industrial Park Road in South Pittsburg, owned by the Rogers family in the third and fourth generations of leadership.

The 1910 Blacklock fire and Lodge rebuild

The Blacklock Foundry, founded by Joseph Lodge in 1896, was the direct ancestor of present-day Lodge Cast Iron. Blacklock was South Pittsburg's newest foundry when it opened and survived the 1890s iron-industry contraction by pivoting to household cast-iron cookware rather than structural iron products. In May 1910, the Blacklock Foundry burned in a fire. Joseph Lodge rebuilt a few blocks away within three months, renamed the company Lodge Manufacturing, and resumed cast-iron cookware production from the rebuilt plant, which is the predecessor of the present Lodge foundry complex.

The Blacklock name was retired after the 1910 fire. Lodge revived it in 2019 for a premium cookware line. The 1910 event was the single largest industrial fire in South Pittsburg's early-20th-century history and the reason the present Lodge foundry sits where it does rather than at the original 1896 Blacklock site.

The Dixie Portland cement anchor to the south

Dixie Portland Cement, built at Richard City immediately south of South Pittsburg starting in 1906, was not a foundry but functioned as a parallel industrial anchor for the broader metal- and construction-trades cluster in southern Marion County. The Richard City plant's 1907 startup, its 1926 merger into Penn-Dixie, and its 1982 closure are covered in detail on the Dixie Portland subpage. For the South Pittsburg foundry story, what matters is that the Richard City plant's rail spur, worker housing, and civic infrastructure supported the broader economic base that sustained Lodge and Wetter through the first three-quarters of the 20th century. Richard City's Dixie Inn hotel, the commissary, the Richard Hardy Memorial School, and the company-built housing rounded out the integrated industrial environment on the southern end of town.

The 1887 industrial cluster around the foundries

Per Dennis Lambert's SPHPS history “The Birth of South Pittsburg, Tennessee”, the South Pittsburg City Company's 1887 prospectus and Lambert's later narrative describe an unusually dense industrial cluster on the small downtown grid. The TCI complex itself ran two 100-ton blast furnaces near the mouth of Battle Creek and a sad-iron foundry on block #1, with car, machine, and repair shops adjoining. Around it, the 1887 town already supported the South Pittsburg Pipe Works, the Sequachee Hoe and Tool Works, the South Pittsburg Brick and Terra Cotta Company, the South Pittsburg Railroad, Coal and Iron Company, two saw and planing mills, a combined gristmill and cotton gin, and the Perry Stove Manufacturing branch described above. Through the 1890s the roster grew to include the Eagle Pencil Company, the Schuster Foundry, the Blacklock Foundry, the DeBleiux and John J. Ingles & Company bottling works, the Oxley Stave Company, and the South Pittsburg Milling Company. Per Lambert, records released by the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway for the first eight months of 1899 show $143,997.93 in freight receipts out of South Pittsburg, an estimated 4,042 rail cars or roughly 162 trains of twenty-five cars each. The 1902 and 1913 Sanborn fire-insurance maps reproduced on the South Pittsburg community page map the TCI furnaces and the Cedar Avenue foundry block, including the Blacklock works, building by building.

Smaller metal-trades operations

Through the 20th century South Pittsburg hosted several smaller metal-trades operations alongside the two majors (Lodge and Wetter) and the Dixie Portland anchor. Period South Pittsburg Hustler and Chattanooga newspaper coverage from the 1910s through the 1940s mentions foundry auxiliaries, small stove and cookware shops, and metal finishing and galvanizing operations at scales well below the major employers. The cumulative effect of the smaller operations was to sustain a metal-trades labor pool and machine-shop skill base in South Pittsburg long past the closure of the integrated iron-making vision. That labor pool is part of why Lodge has been able to run a continuous foundry in the town for more than 125 years.

Lodge as the surviving anchor

Present-day Lodge Cast Iron is the continuous thread from the 1876 British-capital founding to the 21st century. The 2017 expansion delivered a 127,000-square-foot “3rd Street Foundry” in South Pittsburg, paired with a distribution center in New Hope across the Blue Bridge, and made Lodge the county's largest private industrial employer. The 2002 pre-seasoning innovation and the 2022 opening of the Lodge Museum of Cast Iron at 220 East 3rd Street have moved the company from a foundry in a fading industrial town to a destination brand with a museum and a festival (see the National Cornbread Festival). The underlying metal-trades operation continues to run on the foundry floor, more integrated with modern induction-furnace technology than the 19th-century cupola operations but recognizably the same kind of work.

About Lodge Cast Iron →
The 1927 Christmas Night Shootout →
About the Coal & Coke Industry →
About Dixie Portland Cement →
About Marion County labor history →
About South Pittsburg →
About Richard City →
About Battle Creek and Battle Creek Mines →
The modern era (deindustrialization and Lodge's survival) →